Constipation is a common problem that affects many people after surgery. Postoperative constipation can be caused by a variety of factors, including pain medication, anesthesia, and changes in diet and activity levels. While it can be uncomfortable and even painful, there are steps you can take to control postoperative constipation and promote bowel regularity.
- Stay hydrated: Dehydration is one of the most common causes of constipation. Make sure you drink plenty of water throughout the day to help keep your stools soft and easy to pass. Aim for at least 8-10 glasses of water per day, and avoid beverages that can dehydrate you, such as caffeine and alcohol.
- Minimize opioid pain medication: Pain medications like oxycodone and hydrocodone are often the main culprit causing constipation after surgery. As your pain level permits after surgery reduce the amount of pain medication you are taking as soon as you can.
- Eat a high-fiber diet: A diet that is high in fiber can help regulate bowel movements and prevent constipation. Foods that are high in fiber include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans, and nuts. Try to include these foods in your diet, and avoid processed foods and foods that are high in fat.
- Fiber supplements: If you find it hard to get adequate fiber in your diet, and to be honest, most patients do right after surgery, it is a good idea to use a fiber supplement (like Metamucil) until you are having normal, comfortable bowel movements.
- Exercise: Moving your body can help stimulate bowel movements and prevent constipation. Try to get up and walk around as soon as you reasonably can after surgery, as long as it doesn’t aggravate your pain.
- Consider stool softeners: Stool softeners can help make your stools easier to pass. Usually it is a good idea to take a gentle stool softener like colace after surgery until you’re having regular bowel movements.
- Take laxatives as directed: If the steps above are not working, you may need a stronger laxative like Miralax or Milk of Magnesia. Make sure you take them as directed on the bottle and do not take more than the recommended dosage. Overuse of laxatives can lead to dependence and can worsen constipation over time.
- Avoid straining: Straining during bowel movements can worsen constipation and can cause hemorrhoids. Try to relax and take your time when using the bathroom, and avoid holding your breath or pushing too hard.
- Talk to your doctor: If you are experiencing severe or persistent constipation after surgery, talk to your doctor. They may be able to adjust your medication or recommend additional treatments to help manage your symptoms.
In conclusion, postoperative constipation can be uncomfortable and even painful, but it is often manageable with the right strategies. By staying hydrated, eating a high-fiber diet, exercising, taking laxatives as directed, considering stool softeners, avoiding straining, and talking to your doctor if necessary, you can promote bowel regularity and alleviate constipation after surgery